: A p-value < 0.05 typically indicates a significant association or deviation from the expected model. Chi-square ( χ2chi squared ) statistic : The sum of across all cells. Degrees of Freedom (df) : Calculated as for contingency tables.

): There is no association between the variables (for contingency tables) or the observed data follows the expected distribution (for goodness-of-fit). Alternative Hypothesis ( Hacap H sub a

If expected frequencies are too low, GraphPad Prism automatically recommends Fisher’s exact test (for 2x2 tables) or will flag the issue for larger tables.

How GraphPad Prism performs computations (defaults and options)

GraphPad Prism produces a clean results sheet. Here is what you should look for to verify your findings: If

Offers built-in "Analysis Checklists" to confirm your data meets all necessary assumptions. Step-by-Step: Performing a Chi-Square Test in GraphPad